Introduction
As a pet science blog author, I’ve always been fascinated by the intricacies of our feline friends’ dental health. Cats, with their unique dental structure, have a lot to teach us about the importance of oral care. In this article, I’ll share some insights into the dental anatomy of cats, common dental issues, and how we can ensure our feline companions have healthy teeth and gums.
Teeth Development in Cats
Just like humans, kittens have temporary teeth that eventually give way to permanent ones. At around two to four weeks of age, kittens start to develop their first set of 26 teeth, with 14 in the upper jaw and 12 in the lower jaw. These deciduous teeth are replaced by 30 permanent teeth, which begin to emerge at about three to four months of age.
Unique Dental Characteristics
Cats have some unique dental features that set them apart from other animals. For instance, they have two permanent teeth with three roots each and ten teeth with two roots. Additionally, the rough surface of a cat’s tongue, covered in hair-like structures called ‘papillae,’ plays a crucial role in grooming and maintaining their fur.
Common Dental Issues in Cats
Despite their unique dental features, cats are not immune to oral health problems. One of the first signs of a fractured upper canine tooth in a cat may be sneezing, which can be an indication of a more serious issue. Furthermore, the most common oral tumor in cats, squamous cell carcinoma, often starts under the tongue.
Gum disease is another prevalent issue among cats, with studies showing that 70 percent of them show signs of gingivitis by age three. Symptoms include yellow and brown tartar build-up along the gumline, red inflamed gums, and persistent bad breath.
Oral Health and Infectious Diseases
Oral disease is not only a concern in isolation but also a common finding in cats infected with feline leukemia virus (FeLV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and feline calicivirus (FCV). These infections can further complicate dental health and require prompt veterinary attention.
Feline dental resorption lesions, also known as cervical line lesions or neck lesions, are the most common dental disease in domestic cats and the leading cause of tooth loss. These lesions often begin below the gumline, making them difficult to detect without regular dental check-ups.
Conclusion
As pet parents, it’s our responsibility to ensure our cats have a healthy mouth. Regular dental check-ups, a balanced diet, and proper oral hygiene practices can go a long way in preventing dental issues and maintaining the overall health of our feline companions. Remember, a healthy mouth leads to a healthy life for your cat.
Article by: Veterinary & Aquatic Services Department, Drs. Foster & Smith