Introduction

Lumbosacral stenosis is a complex condition that can affect our beloved pets, particularly large breed dogs, and it’s crucial for pet owners to understand its implications and how it can be managed. In this article, I’ll be sharing insights into this medical issue, blending my personal experiences with scientific knowledge to provide a comprehensive overview.

Understanding Lumbosacral Stenosis

Lumbosacral stenosis, a term that encompasses a variety of spinal conditions, is essentially arthritis affecting the joint between the last lumbar vertebra and the sacrum, a bone forming part of the pelvis. This condition narrows the spinal canal, which houses the spinal cord and nerves, and is often accompanied by an abnormal intervertebral disc, exacerbating the narrowing. The resulting pressure on the nerves leads to the characteristic symptoms of lumbosacral stenosis.

Symptoms of Lumbosacral Stenosis

The symptoms can be quite distressing for our pets. Pain is the most common indicator, often manifesting in the back, hind legs, or tail. Observing your dog, you might notice difficulty in rising, muscle atrophy in the rear limbs, and challenges in urination or defecation. Some dogs may even exhibit a shuffling gait or self-mutilation behaviors due to the discomfort. It’s important to note that these symptoms can also mimic hip dysplasia, thus requiring careful diagnosis.

Risk Factors

Lumbosacral stenosis is predominantly seen in large breed dogs, with German Shepherds being particularly susceptible. The condition can be both acquired and congenital, with symptoms typically surfacing when the dog is between 3 to 7 years old. Cats, fortunately, are rarely affected by this condition.

Diagnosis

Diagnosing lumbosacral stenosis involves a thorough veterinary examination, including a history of symptom development and a physical examination to identify pain points and neurological deficits. Radiographs provide initial insights, but a definitive diagnosis often requires more specialized procedures such as myelography, epidurography, or diskography, which involve injecting dye into the affected area and re-imaging under anesthesia.

Treatment Options

Treatment approaches for lumbosacral stenosis vary based on the severity of the condition, the pet’s overall health, and other considerations such as financial constraints.

Nonsurgical Treatment

For mild cases, strict rest for 6 to 8 weeks, along with anti-inflammatory medications like prednisolone, can offer relief. However, symptoms may recur with increased activity.

Surgical Treatment

Surgical interventions aim to either fuse the bones together to prevent abnormal motion or remove parts of the bone and intervertebral disc to alleviate pressure on the spinal cord and nerves. Post-surgery, a recovery period with confinement and potential prednisolone therapy is necessary. For dogs with urinary difficulties, manual bladder expression might be required.

Prognosis

The prognosis for dogs with lumbosacral stenosis greatly depends on the severity of symptoms prior to treatment. Mildly affected dogs may regain normal function, while those with incontinence or urinary retention before treatment face a poorer outlook.

Conclusion

Lumbosacral stenosis is a challenging condition for our pets, but with early detection, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate treatment, many dogs can lead a comfortable life. As a pet owner, being vigilant about your dog’s mobility and well-being is crucial. Remember, the key to managing this condition lies in a proactive approach, coupled with the guidance of a trusted veterinarian.

Author’s Note

Having witnessed the impact of lumbosacral stenosis on a close friend’s dog, I understand the importance of spreading awareness about this condition. It’s a testament to the resilience of our pets and the dedication of veterinary professionals that, even in the face of such adversity, quality of life can be significantly improved.

Article by: Veterinary & Aquatic Services Department, Drs. Foster & Smith