What is Coprophagy?
Coprophagy, derived from the Greek words ‘copro’ meaning feces and ‘phagy’ meaning eat, is the act of eating feces. While this behavior is often met with disgust, it’s not entirely uncommon in dogs. Some dogs prefer feces from herbivores like rabbits, deer, and horses, while others may be attracted to frozen dog feces or even cat feces.
Why Do Dogs Engage in Coprophagy?
There are several theories as to why dogs might eat feces:
- Medical Issues: Although dietary deficiencies are not usually the cause, certain medical problems such as pancreatic insufficiency, intestinal disorders, or severe malnutrition can contribute to this behavior.
- Stress and Anxiety: Dogs in kennel environments or those that have been punished for defecating may resort to eating feces out of anxiety or in an attempt to eliminate evidence.
- Evolutionary Behavior: Wolves and coyotes, the ancestors of domestic dogs, may have eaten feces to obtain B vitamins when food was scarce.
- Learned Behavior: Puppies may learn this behavior from observing other animals or as a result of exploratory play.
- Maternal Instinct: Mother dogs often eat their puppies’ feces to hide the litter from predators.
- Taste Preference: Some dogs may simply find the taste of feces appealing.
Preventing Coprophagy
The best prevention strategy is to maintain a clean environment by promptly removing feces. Other methods include:
- Repellent Products: Adding substances to the dog’s food that make their feces taste unpleasant, such as For-bid or Drs. Foster and Smith Dis-Taste.
- Physical Barriers: Using a wire basket muzzle to prevent the dog from eating feces while still allowing them to breathe and pant.
- Distractions: Providing toys and exercise to keep the dog engaged in more appealing activities.
- Stress Reduction: Identifying and addressing the sources of stress that may lead to coprophagy.
- Diet Changes: Switching to a diet with hydrolyzed protein or increasing meal frequency may help.
- Behavioral Training: Using clicker training or citronella collars to discourage the behavior.
- Litter Box Solutions: For dogs attracted to cat litter, using covered litter boxes or placing them in inaccessible locations.
- No Punishment: Avoid punishing the dog for eating feces, as this may reinforce the behavior.
Health Risks of Coprophagy
Eating feces can expose dogs to various parasites, including giardia, coccidia, roundworms, and whipworms. Regular fecal examinations and deworming treatments are crucial for dogs engaging in this behavior.
Conclusion
While the exact reasons behind coprophagy in dogs remain uncertain, early intervention and a multi-faceted approach to prevention can significantly improve the chances of success. It’s essential to consult with a veterinarian to rule out any underlying medical issues and to receive tailored advice for your pet’s specific situation.