As a pet science enthusiast and a dog owner myself, I’ve always been intrigued by the respiratory system of our canine companions. It’s a complex and efficient setup, designed to remove carbon dioxide and replace it with oxygen, while also serving as a cooling mechanism. Unlike us, dogs can’t sweat, so they rely on their breathing to regulate body temperature by exhaling warm air and inhaling cooler air.
Breathing in dogs is facilitated by the rib muscles and the diaphragm, a large internal muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen. The trachea, or windpipe, is a rigid tube supported by rings of cartilage, which carries air to the bronchi and subsequently to the lungs.
What is a Collapsed Trachea?
Sometimes, these cartilage rings weaken, causing the trachea to lose its rigidity and collapse during inhalation. This condition, known as collapsing trachea syndrome, is particularly prevalent in small and toy breeds, such as Toy Poodles over the age of five.
Recognizing the Symptoms
The symptoms of a collapsing trachea can vary based on the severity. Dogs may experience difficulty breathing, especially during exercise. As they try to inhale deeply, the trachea collapses further, restricting airflow. This can lead to the dog appearing tired and short of breath. A common sign is a persistent cough, which may emit a distinctive goose-honk sound. In extreme cases, the dog’s tongue and gums may turn blue due to restricted breathing.
Assessing the Risks
While most dogs with a collapsing trachea can lead normal lives with certain restrictions, there are risks involved. The condition can limit their activity levels, as deep breathing during exercise is impaired. If left untreated, the restricted airflow can put additional strain on the heart and lungs. Obese dogs are at a higher risk compared to others.
Management and Treatment
Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and radiographs (X-rays). Treatment depends on the severity of the condition and may include medications to dilate the airways and cough suppressants like Torbutrol. For overweight dogs, a stricter diet is recommended. Restricting activity is crucial, and using a harness instead of a collar can alleviate pressure on the trachea. While the condition is rarely cured, it can be well-managed with medication and lifestyle modifications. In severe cases, surgery to open the airways may be considered, although most cases are managed medically.