As a pet science blog author and a pet parent myself, I’ve witnessed the distressing sight of a dog with a hot spot. It’s not just a common issue, but one that can escalate rapidly if not addressed properly. Hot spots, medically known as moist dermatitis or pyotraumatic dermatitis, are areas of red, inflamed, and often oozy skin that can be quite painful for your furry friend.
What Triggers Dog Hot Spots?
A variety of factors can lead to the development of hot spots in dogs. These include:
- Fleas, ticks, and other external parasites
- Mosquito bites
- Small wounds
- Ear or skin infections
- Matted fur
- Chronically dirty or damp skin
- Anal gland impactions
- Contact with skin irritants
- Foreign material within or under the skin
- Allergies
Additionally, some dogs may lick or chew at their skin out of boredom, anxiety, or due to pain in another part of their body, such as arthritis.
Regardless of the cause, the cycle of excessive scratching, licking, and chewing weakens the skin’s natural defenses, allowing bacteria to thrive and inflammation to increase. This can quickly escalate, transforming a minor irritation into a significant hot spot within hours.
Treating Dog Hot Spots
The primary goal in treating hot spots is to alleviate itching and inflammation, thereby discouraging your dog from further licking, scratching, or chewing at the affected area.
For mild cases, home treatment can be effective. Begin by trimming the hair around the hot spot using electric clippers until healthy skin is visible. Clean the area with an antiseptic solution containing povidone-iodine or chlorhexidine, rinse thoroughly, and pat dry with a clean paper towel.
Over-the-counter remedies can provide temporary relief, with active ingredients like lidocaine being particularly effective. An Elizabethan collar can be used temporarily to prevent your dog from licking or chewing the area, allowing the skin to heal.
If the hot spot does not improve with home care or worsens, it’s essential to consult a veterinarian. The vet will examine the wound, confirm the diagnosis, and look for any underlying triggers. They may then prescribe a combination of topical and/or oral medications, including anti-inflammatories, pain relief, and antibiotics as necessary.
Preventing Recurring Dog Hot Spots
If your dog has a history of hot spots, it’s crucial to identify and address the underlying cause. For instance, hot spots on the paws can be linked to allergies or irritant reactions. Preventative measures such as avoiding problematic areas or rinsing your dog’s feet with cool water can be beneficial.
Flea and tick infestations should be managed with appropriate flea control medications, and regular grooming can prevent matting, which can trap dirt and moisture against the skin. If you’re unable to identify a cause or if the hot spots don’t respond to treatment, a visit to the veterinarian is in order.