Introduction
As a pet science blog author, I’ve had my fair share of encounters with feline health issues, and one of the most common is eye infections. It’s a topic that’s close to my heart, especially after witnessing my own cat, Whiskers, battle through a bout of conjunctivitis. In this article, I’ll share with you the ins and outs of eye infections and conjunctivitis in cats, drawing from both scientific facts and personal experiences.
What are the Symptoms of Eye Infections and Conjunctivitis?
Conjunctivitis, often referred to as ‘pink eye’ in cats, is an inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva, the delicate tissue that lines the eyelids and borders the cornea. It can be triggered by allergies to environmental factors like pollen or grass, or by infections caused by a medley of culprits including viruses, bacteria, and fungi.
Symptoms can vary, but the telltale signs include a striking redness or ‘meaty’ appearance of the conjunctiva, which is a result of fluid accumulation and increased blood vessel activity. Cats may also exhibit a watery or, in more severe bacterial or fungal infections, a thick yellow or greenish discharge. This discharge can sometimes be so profuse that it causes the eyelids to stick together. Affected cats often squint or partially cover their eyes with the third eyelid, and may paw at or rub their eyes in discomfort.
What are the Risks of Eye Infections and Conjunctivitis?
While conjunctivitis and eye infections are typically not life-threatening, they can escalate into more serious conditions if left untreated. Advanced infections can spread to other eye structures, potentially impairing vision. Corneal ulcers, a particularly severe complication, can arise from eye infections or foreign bodies. It’s also worth noting that conjunctivitis can be a symptom of more ominous diseases, such as feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection. While allergies are not contagious, some eye infections can indeed spread to other cats in the household.
What is the Management of Eye Infections and Conjunctivitis?
Prompt treatment is essential for all cases of conjunctivitis. A veterinarian may perform a culture and sensitivity test to identify the cause of bacterial infections and determine the appropriate medication. Viral infections can be diagnosed through scrapings and examination of the conjunctiva.
Therapy often involves the use of eye drops or ointments, chosen based on whether the cause is suspected to be an allergy or an infection. For allergies, medications containing anti-inflammatories like hydrocortisone are typically used, while bactericidal or fungicidal preparations are applied for infections. In severe cases, oral antibiotics may accompany topical treatments. Recovery can take one to two weeks, and treatment should continue until the eye returns to its normal state.
A critical note: if a corneal ulcer is suspected, avoid using hydrocortisone-containing agents, as they may impede healing or exacerbate the ulcer.
Remember, as I learned with Whiskers, vigilance is key. Early detection and treatment can make all the difference in your cat’s comfort and recovery. Keep a close eye on any changes in your feline friend’s eyes, and don’t hesitate to consult with a veterinarian at the first sign of trouble.
Article by: Race Foster, DVM